:root {
  /* Modernized Color Palette */
  --bg-color: #f9fafb;
  --bg-card: #ffffff;
  --text-color: #1f2937;
  --text-secondary: #4b5563;
  --accent-color: #2563eb;
  --accent-hover: #1d4ed8;
  --accent-bg: rgba(37, 99, 235, 0.08);
  --border-color: #e5e7eb;
  --nav-bg: rgba(249, 250, 251, 0.9);
  --pub-venue-bg: #f3f4f6;
  
  /* Elevated Shadows */
  --shadow-sm: 0 4px 6px -1px rgba(0,0,0,0.05), 0 2px 4px -1px rgba(0,0,0,0.03);
  --shadow-md: 0 10px 15px -3px rgba(0,0,0,0.08), 0 4px 6px -2px rgba(0,0,0,0.04);
  
  --animation-offset: 4px;
  --transition-time: 0.3s;
}

:root[data-theme="dark"] {
  --bg-color: #0f172a;
  --bg-card: #111827;
  --text-color: #f3f4f6;
  --text-secondary: #cbd5e1;
  --accent-color: #60a5fa;
  --accent-hover: #93c5fd;
  --accent-bg: rgba(96, 165, 250, 0.16);
  --border-color: #334155;
  --nav-bg: rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.9);
  --pub-venue-bg: #1f2937;
}

body {
  /* Sleek, modern system font stack */
  font-family: 'Inter', -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Oxygen, Ubuntu, Cantarell, sans-serif;
  line-height: 1.7;
  max-width: 850px;
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding: 2rem;
  color: var(--text-color);
  background-color: var(--bg-color);
  font-weight: 400;
  transition: background-color var(--transition-time) ease, color var(--transition-time) ease;
}

header {
  margin-bottom: 2rem;
  border-bottom: 2px solid var(--border-color);
  padding-bottom: 1.5rem;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between;
  gap: 2rem;
}

.header-content {
  flex: 1;
}

/* Passport-Style Profile Image */
.header-image img {
  width: 150px;
  height: 200px; /* Rectangular ratio */
  object-fit: cover;
  border-radius: 12px; /* Soft rounded corners instead of a circle */
  border: 4px solid var(--bg-card);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-md);
  transition: transform var(--transition-time) cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1), box-shadow var(--transition-time) ease;
}

.header-image img:hover {
  transform: translateY(-5px) scale(1.02);
  box-shadow: 0 15px 25px rgba(0,0,0,0.15);
}

h1 {
  font-size: 2.5rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  margin-bottom: 0.25rem;
  letter-spacing: -0.03em;
  color: var(--text-color);
}

h2 {
  font-size: 1.5rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  margin: 2rem 0 1.25rem;
  padding-bottom: 0.5rem;
  border-bottom: 2px solid var(--border-color);
  letter-spacing: -0.02em;
}

/* Navigation & Socials */
nav {
  margin-top: 1.5rem;
}

nav ul {
  list-style: none;
  padding: 0;
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 1rem;
}

nav a, .social-links-header a {
  text-decoration: none;
  color: var(--text-secondary);
  transition: all var(--transition-time) ease;
  font-weight: 500;
  padding: 0.4rem 0.8rem;
  border-radius: 6px;
}

nav a:hover, .social-links-header a:hover {
  color: var(--accent-color);
  background-color: var(--accent-bg);
  transform: translateY(-2px);
}

.social-links-header {
  display: flex;
  gap: 1rem;
  margin: 1.2rem 0;
}

.social-links-header a i {
  margin-right: 0.5rem;
}

/* Section animation */
@keyframes fadeIn {
  from {
    opacity: 0;
    transform: translateY(10px);
  }
  to {
    opacity: 1;
    transform: translateY(0);
  }
}

section {
  margin-bottom: 2.5rem;
  scroll-margin-top: 2rem;
  animation: fadeIn 0.6s ease-out forwards;
  width: 100%;
}

/* Publication Card Styles */
.publications-header {
  display: flex;
  justify-content: space-between;
  align-items: center;
  margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
}

.publication-item {
  background-color: var(--bg-card);
  margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
  padding: 1.5rem;
  border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
  border-radius: 12px;
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
  display: flex;
  gap: 1.5rem;
  transition: all var(--transition-time) ease;
}

.publication-item:hover {
  transform: translateY(-4px);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-md);
  border-color: rgba(37, 99, 235, 0.3); /* Updated to blue */
}

.pub-thumbnail {
  width: 120px;
  height: 120px;
  flex-shrink: 0;
  border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
  overflow: hidden;
  cursor: pointer;
  position: relative;
  border-radius: 8px;
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
}

.pub-thumbnail img {
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  object-fit: cover;
  transition: transform 0.5s ease;
}

.pub-thumbnail:hover img {
  transform: scale(1.1);
}

.pub-content {
  flex: 1;
}

.pub-title {
  font-weight: 700;
  margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
  font-size: 1.1rem;
  color: var(--text-color);
  line-height: 1.4;
}

.pub-authors {
  font-size: 0.95rem;
  margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
  color: var(--text-secondary);
  line-height: 1.5;
}

.highlight-name {
  font-weight: 700;
  color: var(--accent-color);
}

.pub-venue-container {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 0.75rem;
  margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
}

.pub-venue {
  font-size: 0.9rem;
  font-weight: 500;
  color: var(--text-secondary);
  background-color: var(--pub-venue-bg);
  padding: 0.2rem 0.6rem;
  border-radius: 4px;
}

.pub-award {
  font-size: 0.85rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  color: #fff;
  background-color: var(--accent-color);
  padding: 0.2rem 0.6rem;
  border-radius: 20px;
  display: inline-block;
  white-space: nowrap;
}

.pub-links {
  font-size: 0.85rem;
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 0.6rem;
}

.pub-links a {
  color: var(--accent-color);
  font-weight: 600;
  transition: all var(--transition-time) ease;
  padding: 0.3rem 0.8rem;
  border-radius: 20px;
  background-color: var(--accent-bg);
  border: 1px solid transparent;
}

.pub-links a:hover {
  color: #fff;
  background-color: var(--accent-color);
  box-shadow: 0 4px 10px rgba(37, 99, 235, 0.25); /* Updated to blue */
  transform: translateY(-2px);
}

/* News section */
.news-container {
  max-height: 350px;
  overflow-y: auto;
  scrollbar-width: thin;
  scrollbar-color: #cbd5e1 transparent;
  background: var(--bg-card);
  padding: 1.5rem;
  border-radius: 12px;
  border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
}

.news-container::-webkit-scrollbar {
  width: 6px;
}

.news-container::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb {
  background-color: #cbd5e1;
  border-radius: 10px;
}

.news-list {
  padding-left: 0;
  list-style-type: none;
  margin: 0;
}

.news-list li {
  margin-bottom: 1rem;
  padding-left: 1rem;
  border-left: 3px solid var(--border-color);
  padding-bottom: 0.5rem;
  transition: all var(--transition-time) ease;
}

.news-list li:hover {
  border-left-color: var(--accent-color);
  transform: translateX(4px);
}

/* Services and misc */
.service-title {
  font-weight: 600;
  margin-bottom: 0.4rem;
  color: var(--accent-color);
}

.misc-item p {
  background: var(--bg-card);
  padding: 1rem 1.25rem;
  border-radius: 8px;
  border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
  transition: transform var(--transition-time) ease, box-shadow var(--transition-time) ease;
}

.misc-item p:hover {
  transform: translateY(-2px);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
  border-color: rgba(37, 99, 235, 0.2); /* Updated to blue */
}

/* Footer */
footer {
  margin-top: 3rem;
  padding-top: 1.5rem;
  border-top: 2px solid var(--border-color);
  font-size: 0.9rem;
  color: var(--text-secondary);
  text-align: center;
}

/* Generic styles */
main a,
footer a,
.publications-header a,
.news-list a {
  color: var(--accent-color);
  text-decoration: none;
  transition: color var(--transition-time) ease, transform var(--transition-time) ease;
}

main a:hover,
footer a:hover,
.publications-header a:hover,
.news-list a:hover {
  color: var(--accent-hover);
  text-decoration: none;
  transform: scale(0.97);
}

.pub-links a:hover, nav a:hover, .social-links-header a:hover {
  text-decoration: none;
  transform: scale(0.97);
}

ul {
  padding-left: 1.5rem;
}

p {
  margin: 0.5rem 0 1rem;
}

strong {
  font-weight: 700;
  color: var(--text-color);
}

/* =========================================
   Fancy CV Button
   ========================================= */
.fancy-btn {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 0.6rem;
  padding: 0.8rem 2rem;
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--accent-color), #1d4ed8);
  color: #ffffff;
  font-weight: 600;
  font-size: 0.95rem;
  text-decoration: none;
  border-radius: 50px;
  box-shadow: 0 4px 15px rgba(37, 99, 235, 0.28);
  transition: all 0.3s cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1);
  border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.16);
}

.fancy-btn:hover {
  transform: translateY(-4px) scale(1.02);
  box-shadow: 0 8px 25px rgba(37, 99, 235, 0.4);
  color: #ffffff;
  text-decoration: none;
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, #3b82f6, #2563eb);
}

:root[data-theme="dark"] .fancy-btn {
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, #60a5fa, #3b82f6);
  color: #f8fafc;
  box-shadow: 0 6px 18px rgba(96, 165, 250, 0.28);
  border-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.18);
}

:root[data-theme="dark"] .fancy-btn:hover {
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, #93c5fd, #60a5fa);
  box-shadow: 0 10px 24px rgba(96, 165, 250, 0.35);
}

.fancy-btn i {
  font-size: 1.1em;
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
  header {
    flex-direction: column-reverse;
    text-align: center;
  }
  
  .publication-item {
    flex-direction: column;
  }
  
  .pub-thumbnail {
    width: 100%;
    height: 180px;
  }
  
  .social-links-header {
    justify-content: center;
  }
}

/* =========================================
   Responsive Sticky Navbar
   ========================================= */
.navbar {
  position: sticky;
  top: 0;
  background-color: var(--nav-bg);
  backdrop-filter: blur(10px);
  -webkit-backdrop-filter: blur(10px);
  z-index: 1000;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-color);
  margin: -2rem -2rem 2rem -2rem; 
  padding: 1rem 2rem;
  transition: background-color var(--transition-time) ease, border-color var(--transition-time) ease;
}

.theme-toggle {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 0.5rem;
  border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
  background-color: var(--bg-card);
  color: var(--text-color);
  border-radius: 999px;
  padding: 0.45rem 0.8rem;
  cursor: pointer;
  transition: all var(--transition-time) ease;
}

.theme-toggle:hover {
  transform: translateY(-2px);
  border-color: var(--accent-color);
  color: var(--accent-color);
}

.theme-toggle .theme-icon {
  font-size: 0.95rem;
}

.theme-toggle .theme-text {
  font-size: 0.85rem;
  font-weight: 600;
}

.nav-container {
  max-width: 850px;
  margin: 0 auto;
  display: flex;
  justify-content: space-between;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 1rem;
}

.nav-actions {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 0.8rem;
  margin-left: auto;
}

.nav-logo {
  font-weight: 800;
  font-size: 1.5rem;
  color: var(--accent-color);
  text-decoration: none;
  letter-spacing: -0.05em;
}

.nav-logo:hover {
  color: var(--accent-hover);
  text-decoration: none;
}

.nav-menu {
  display: flex;
  list-style: none;
  gap: 2rem;
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
}

.nav-link {
  font-weight: 500;
  color: var(--text-color);
  font-size: 0.95rem;
}

.nav-link:hover {
  color: var(--accent-color);
  background: transparent;
  transform: none;
}

/* Hamburger Menu Icon */
.hamburger {
  display: none;
  cursor: pointer;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 5px;
}

.hamburger .bar {
  width: 25px;
  height: 3px;
  background-color: var(--text-color);
  border-radius: 3px;
  transition: all 0.3s ease-in-out;
}

/* Navbar Mobile Responsiveness */
@media (max-width: 768px) {
  .navbar {
    margin: -1rem -1rem 2rem -1rem;
    padding: 1rem;
  }

  .nav-actions {
    margin-left: auto;
  }
  
  .hamburger {
    display: flex;
  }

  /* Hide menu off-screen by default on mobile */
  .nav-menu {
    position: absolute;
    top: 100%;
    left: -100%;
    flex-direction: column;
    background-color: var(--bg-card);
    width: 100%;
    text-align: center;
    transition: 0.3s cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-md);
    padding: 1.5rem 0;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-color);
    gap: 1.5rem;
  }

  /* Slide menu in when active */
  .nav-menu.active {
    left: 0;
  }

  /* Animate Hamburger into an 'X' */
  .hamburger.active .bar:nth-child(1) {
    transform: translateY(8px) rotate(45deg);
  }
  .hamburger.active .bar:nth-child(2) {
    opacity: 0;
  }
  .hamburger.active .bar:nth-child(3) {
    transform: translateY(-8px) rotate(-45deg);
  }
}

.name-container {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 12px;
}

.pronounce-btn {
    background: none;
    border: none;
    color: var(--accent-color);
    cursor: pointer;
    font-size: 1.2rem;
    padding: 5px;
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    transition: transform 0.2s ease, color 0.2s ease;
    margin-bottom: 5px; /* Adjust based on H1 alignment */
}

.pronounce-btn:hover {
    transform: scale(1.2);
    color: var(--accent-hover);
}

.pronounce-btn:active {
    transform: scale(0.9);
}